An Introduction to Supply Chain Management

The mere mention of supply chain management,during this phase that suppliers of raw materials and
outside of business circles, tends to set eyes rolling.components are decided upon. Pricing, delivery, and
While it may not be of interest to the averagepayment terms are all considered at this time.
lay-person, it is an item of great interest to those inNext, we consider the production phase. This is also
the business community. Supply chain management isknown as the start of the manufacturing process.
a crucial element of good overall businessProduction related activities must all be accounted for
management. Long term viability and corporateat this time. Production, quality control, packaging, and
profitability are critically dependent upon it. Let'sshipping all come into play at this important stage.
spend a few minutes exploring the basics of supplyThis stage is also the most intensive, regarding
chain management.metrics. Production output, worker productivity, and
Supply chain management refers to the process byoverall product quality must be tracked and
which raw materials are acquired and used in themonitored closely.
manufacturing of a product. It also takes intoDelivery is the next phase to consider. This area is
consideration the delivery of finished goods, and thegenerally referred to as logistics or shipping. At this
ability to process returned goods. Ideally, thesestage, systems must be in place to coordinate
processes should function as an organic whole. Theorders. Orders must be processed, tracked, and
entire point and purpose of supply chain managementdelivered. It is also important to establish a payment
is to ensure that products can be produced andsystem at this stage. Other considerations include
delivered in an efficient and profitable manner.warehousing, trucking contracts, and customs-related
Supply chain management is comprised of fiveprocedures.
primary elements; plan, source, make, deliver, andOne of the most oft overlooked elements of supply
return. Each of these topics represents five distinctchain management is the returns process. Naturally,
elements of the production process. The planningwe would like to believe that the products we
stage is the stage in which strategic plans forproduce and ship are flawless. As you know, that is
production are made. This stage is critically important,not always the case. Customers are not always
as it allows a company to develop a strategy forsatisfied, and systems must be in place to
managing their production process flow. Metrics arereintegrate returned goods into the production flow.
also established at this time, to ensure that elementsReturned goods should always remain segregated
of production can be monitored.until they can be reviewed and assessed. By adhering
The next stage is equally important, as it is anto the principles noted above, you can ensure that
extension of the planning phase. The source phaseyour company is sustainable and profitable for years
refers to the early implementation of the strategicto come.
plans decided in the previous planning phase. It is