Indian Block Printing: Three Main Techniques

Block printing, as name suggests, is the use ofto the design.b) Resist Printing: This is the technique
wooden blocks in the process of dyeing and printing.which in fact, resists the dye to be applied on some
In India, block printing has been in practice since 12thparticular areas of the fabric. The prints are designed
century. Even before that in 6th century BC, therein such a way that at some places there is no need
are references that India was maintaining tradeof dyeing. To facilitate this, a mixture of clay and
relationship in cotton with Babylon. Thus we get theresin is applied on the areas where dyeing is not
idea that India has very old heritage of cottonwanted. Dye though reaches the protected areas
clothes. Block printing is so renowned for use of richthrough cracks producing a rippled pattern. But it is
and vibrant colors. Traditionally, natural vegetabletaken as beautification. Then, the dyed fabric is
colors were used in this process but now-a-dayswashed. Further, the remaining areas of the fabric
synthetic colors are also in use.are normally block printed.c) Discharge Printing: In this
There are three principal techniques of blocktechnique of block printing. First, the fabric is dyed in
printing:a) Direct Printing: In this technique of blockthe desired color. Then, a chemical is applied to some
printing, first, the cotton or silk fabric is washed toregions of the fabric to fade or remove the color
make it free of starch. Then it is bleached softly, ifeffect. Further, these faded regions are again dyed
the natural grey color of the fabric is not required.but in different color, so that a different color effect
Wooden blocks, also known as "bunta" areis produced.
undergone minute designed carving at the bottom.Block Printing is done in various parts of India. Main
These wooden blocks are used to print the fabriccenters of block printing in Gujarat and Rajasthan are
with the help of already prepared colors. Printing isAhmedabad, Sanganer, Bagru, Farrukhabad and
first done at the outer sides of the fabric and thenPethapur. Ajrakh prints and Lepakshi prints are some
follows printing of inner areas. First the bigger detailsof the most popular block prints.
are covered then the smaller details are put according