| ’s IT executives want the best software | | | | them into a query called a locator, which is run |
| available. With business process management that | | | | against the service directory. The locator returns a |
| means finding solutions that provide key benefits. In | | | | list of possible providers, from which the service |
| addition to facilitating system integration, these | | | | requestor chooses a new business partner, and the |
| solutions must minimize costs, protect software | | | | whole process starts again. |
| investments, and increase corporate | | | | When the business partners bind, they create a |
| flexibility—all while generating a quick return on | | | | “virtual” application. The partners |
| investment (ROI). | | | | temporarily combine their services to meet an |
| Previously, IT executives had an option. They could | | | | immediate need and capture a business process. |
| either create their own processing solutions or buy | | | | Once captured, the business process is automated |
| them as packaged applications. Both approaches | | | | using workflow management technology. The |
| were costly. These solutions also had a major | | | | applications are then integrated and work is routed to |
| downside. Once encoded, they were difficult to | | | | the appropriate departments. |
| change. This encoding prevented businesses from | | | | Considerations in Deploying an SOA |
| quickly meeting its customers’ needs. More | | | | Businesses who want to deploy an SOA face three |
| importantly, it hindered adaptability to a dynamic | | | | considerations. First, current object-oriented analysis |
| increasingly demanding marketplace. | | | | and design (OOAD) methods don’t address |
| Combining BPM and Web services changes that. This | | | | the primary elements of an SOA: services, flows, and |
| union provides businesses with a powerful set of | | | | components for realizing services. Companies must |
| benefits. It increases efficiency and flexibility, reduces | | | | develop or acquire the techniques and processes |
| costs, and protects software investments by | | | | required to identity, specify, and realize the individual |
| integrating and recombining with a company’s | | | | services. The also need the enterprise-wide |
| existing systems. In addition, the union provides | | | | components to ensure the quality of services. |
| real-time visibility into processing systems as well as a | | | | Second, a shift in corporate mindset must occur. |
| way to monitor and evaluate key performance | | | | Companies must shift their thinking from strictly a |
| indicators— the prerequisites needed to | | | | production-oriented goal to the key SOA objective: |
| implement a continuous improvement program. | | | | enhanced customer service. Whether its Web |
| A Tactical Implementation of SOA | | | | services or another implementation, SOA is designed |
| The foundation for BPM and Web services is a | | | | to provide customers with services that meet their |
| service-oriented architecture (SOA). Web services is | | | | unique requirements. That’s a major leap for |
| a tactical implementation of SOA, which bridges the | | | | some companies but making the transition is a must |
| gap between businesses and IT through a set of | | | | obtain SOA’s benefits. |
| business-aligned services using a unique set of design | | | | Third, applications created for one business or |
| principles, patterns, and techniques. | | | | product line can now be used in a supply chain and be |
| SOA involves the dynamic discovery, organization, | | | | exposed to business partners who might compose, |
| and description of services, which enables companies | | | | combine, and include them into new applications, |
| to select, bind, and invoke a service over the | | | | creating what some analysts are calling the service |
| Internet. SOA differs from service-based | | | | ecosystem or a service value-net. Executive must |
| architectures, like RosettaNet or OBI (Open Buying | | | | accept this possibility. |
| on the Internet), which focus on formats and | | | | Companies need to address these considerations |
| protocols. A service-based architecture is part of an | | | | before deploying an SOA. Unless they do, they |
| SOA. | | | | won’t reap the benefits of an SOA. Nor will |
| Key SOA Components | | | | they have the adaptability need to compete |
| The major components of an SOA are a service | | | | successfully in the days ahead. |
| directory, a service provider, and a service requestor. | | | | The Role of BPM Technology |
| The service directory contains information about all | | | | BPM technology provides the tools and infrastructure |
| the available services. A service provider publishes a | | | | to define, simulate, and analyze this business process |
| service by adding the appropriate entries to the | | | | model. It does so in such a way that the process is |
| directory, which a service requestor uses to find the | | | | manageable from a business perspective using |
| appropriate service. | | | | business solution management tools. A dashboard, for |
| When a service requestor finds a match, it binds to | | | | example, provides information about execution status |
| the provider using information maintained by the | | | | and progress in various levels of detail. |
| directory. The binding information contains the | | | | Business analysts then compare readouts to key |
| protocol specifications that requestors must use as | | | | performance indicators to evaluate the processes |
| well as the structure of the request messages and | | | | performance. If a process is not meeting its |
| the resulting responses. The two companies then | | | | objectives, executives change the process. |
| form a “business partnership.” | | | | It’s here where methodologies, like Six Sigma, |
| When the service requestor no longer needs the | | | | are implemented as part of a continuous |
| provider’s services, it dissolves the | | | | improvement program. The goal, of course, is to |
| partnership. It then forms new requirements and puts | | | | provide customers with the highest quality services. |