Introduction to Supply Chain Network Design

Today's erratic economic conditions and incredible- Phase 3 Develop an implementation plan
supply chain dynamics are causing manufacturing andIn Phase 1 of network modeling it is essential to gain
distribution companies to increasingly turn to networka thorough understanding of your company's overall
design as a strategic solution to help them satisfybusiness requirements. Durring this phase, the project
customer demand, improve overall corporateteam commences with gathering, cleaning and
performance and remain relevant in the globalvalidating operational and costs data on the current
marketplace. Being faced with continuous challenge tonetwork. These baseline service levels and costs will
compete in today's marketplace, companies can'tbe used as the benchmark against which all other
afford not to explore the potential of networkoptions will be compared.
design and optimisation.Phase 2 focuses on identifying the potential scenarios
Designing a supply chain network is a process ofto model and conducting first level scenario analysis.
evaluating alternative strategies and selecting the oneIn this phase it is also critical to clearly articulate the
that maximizes profitability and helps improvekey constraints and key factors to be modeled in
performance at each link in the chain. If deliveredeach scenario. High-level models are built to test the
successfully, a network re-design and optimisationpotential "what ifs" and calculate the appropriate cost
project promises to drastically improve a company'sand service levels. Each scenario is tested for
chain performance in a variety of areas, such as'robustness' and in so doing, serves to verify and
transportation costs, inventory levels, etc.validate the network model. Models are often
The optimisation process is done through networkestimated at the SKU level, with multiple time periods,
design modeling, which provides powerful decisionand the entire end-to-end chains are evaluated.
support functionality to understand complex supplyIt is important to note that the more precise a model
chain relationships.must be, the greater the amount of data that must
Typical Network Design Problemsbe collected, the greater the accuracy required of
Does your supply chain network optimally supportthat data and the more challenging it may be to
the business model and objectives? If you hesitatesolve the model. Every effort should be made to
to answer this question, you might want to considercreate reusable models that may be re-applied for
network re-design and optimisation as a way tofuture studies.
tackle the most challenging supply chain dilemmasPhase 3 in network modeling is the final selection and
your organization may face.justification of the selected network. The results
Network design problems are concerned withmust now be compared with the baseline in order to
determining logistics infrastructure over a multi-yearbuild the business case for change. This includes
strategic planning horizon. The strategic decisions maydefining specific operating procedures, material flow
include location and capacity of facilities andpolicies, inventory policies and load plans. We work
warehouses along with the sourcing allocationstogether with each client to help develop a road map
between them and customers. The objective is toof how to change from the existing network to the
provide the most effective solution so as to minimisedesired future state and properly determine the
total costs while providing customers with the highestone-time costs.
possible level of service.Supply Chain Network Design Software and Tools
By applying advanced mathematical technology,The network design software and tools seek to
network design and optimisation can also helpoptimise performance across an entire network.
companies determine optimal answers to variousThese tools help companies identify tradeoffs among
types of questions from the most strategic in naturecost, service and the amount of capital required to
to the most tactical.support the most efficient network.
Optimisation opportunities occur at every stage alongThe range of tools used to create a network model
the supply chain. The extent of a particular re-designcan vary dramatically in complexity and detail. Simple
effort depends on business considerations and themodeling problems can be solved using Microsoft
need to balance effort versus value returned.Excel and Access based models. More complex
Could Network Design & Optimisation Help Yourproblems may require a combination of linear
Business?programming and mixed integer linear programming
Companies can save millions of dollars and significantlymodels.
improve their supply chain performance by applyingDepending on an organisation's needs, either cost
network design modeling and expert consultantcalculators or advanced supply chain network design
services. Supply chain efficiency has a fundamentalsoftware tools can be used. Larger organisations (and
impact on the bottom line of both incomemore complex supply chain problems) may justify
statements and balance sheets of organizations.investment in advanced network design software
The nature of network optimisation allows for antools to address specific business challenges on their
initial assessment of potential benefits before aown timelines. The advantage of these software
large-scale project is started. The objective fortools is that the modeling constructs are often very
companies would be to embed the optimisationsimilar to the modeling used for day-to-day supply
results into the day-to-day operations, creating achain planning activities. These sophisticated network
sustainable competitive advantage.modeling tools can also enable a company to increase
Supply chain network design projects are usuallyits market share by leveraging the lower costs of an
accomplished in a matter of weeks and the paybackoptimised chain.
is often realised within the first few months ofFor many companies who may have no need to
implementation. Companies that focus on their supplyreview their networks frequently or merely want to
chain network are often rewarded with a costquickly test a number of distribution network options
efficient and customer-responsive supply chain.at a high level may want to rent the software and
Typical Supply Chain Network Modeling Approachhave a qualified consultant team run the network
Network modeling is a powerful tool to improvemodeling tool. Choosing a skilled team responsible for
overall supply chain performance. A networkdevelopment of meaningful supply chain model and
optimisation process usually involves modeling aconversion of its output into a strategic plan is equally
subset of a company's products across the supplyimportant as selecting the optimal network modeling
chain to determine the inventory and customersoftware for your company.
service improvements that network design andEffective strategy development requires a blend of
optimisation will provide."art" and "science." "Art" is necessary for evaluating
Whether your company is looking to reduce costs,supply chain trends and prospects and designing a
improve customer service, or be positioned forsustainable network structure. "Science" is applied in
future growth, network optimisation and modelingthe effective use of network modeling tools to
helps develop the implementation plans required tocreate and evaluate potential logistics strategies.
translate strategic decisions into reality. A typicalA highly trained consultant team experienced in the
approach for modeling the supply chain networkuse of advanced network design software and able
generally involves the following phases:to research potential strategies and analyse the
- Phase 1 Gather data and establish current cost andoperational impacts of various decisions plays a critical
service baselinerole in the success of any supply chain restructuring
- Phase 2 Determine logistics scenariosprocess.