Listening to Far-Flung Customers

Businesses that succeed in totally satisfying theiroperating in a monopoly situation, a more holistic view
customers are ahead of the game in terms ofis needed when conducting a customer satisfaction
customer retention and are likely to be far moresurvey. The review needs to consider people and
profitable than those businesses that don't focus onprocesses, the drivers, rather than the quality of the
customer satisfaction. Recent trends, however,product itself. These drivers are, after all, where
clearly show that traditional survey methods arebusinesses succeed or fail.
suffering from falling responses. And when exportersSince 1990 InfoQuest has included four overall
have customers scattered around the globe there isquestions and statements in every one of its 50,000
an obvious problem in how do they find out howsurveys.
their customers are feeling?"On an overall basis, how satisfied are you with our
One of Britain's more unusual companies workingcompany?" is the last card in the deck. The available
overseas is TRL Limited (the Transport Researchresponses to this question are Totally Satisfied;
Laboratory), based on a purpose-built site atSomewhat Satisfied; Insufficient Information to
Crowthorne, Berkshire. TRL, an internationallyEvaluate; Somewhat Dissatisfied; and Totally
recognised centre of excellence in all issues relating toDissatisfied. The best Totally Satisfied score ever
land transport, is the UK's leading provider ofseen was 90% and the worst was just 2%.
innovative transport solutions. Well known for itsInfoQuest's own extensive research revealed, "A
work relating to road safety, the European New CarTotally Satisfied customer contributes 2.6 times as
Assessment programme (NCAP), pedestrian safetymuch revenue to a company as a Somewhat
and child restraint systems, TRL has built a globalSatisfied customer". Put another way, the Totally
reputation second to none for its knowledge,Satisfied customer will be fiercely loyal, will recognise
technical application and professional integrity.the value of the relationship over and above the cost
Working with consultants, contractors and productof the product, and will not be tempted by the
suppliers worldwide, TRL provides appropriate andovertures of your competitors.
effective solutions to problems of road infrastructureThe three other standard questions are: -
and management, road safety, public transport,"How satisfied are you with the ease of doing
undertaking transportation studies and economicbusiness with our company?" (highest score 93%,
analysis, environ-mental assessments and institutionallowest ever score 3%).
strengthening."I would purchase products or services from your
TRL has worked in over 100 countries throughoutcompany again" and
Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Middle East, with a"I would recommend your company to an associate".
dedicated team working exclusively on internationalThe last two statements are a counter balance. It is
projects. In order to maintain its standard ofpossible to have a score that reflects the sentiment
excellence, TRL decided to survey the opinion of"I am happy that we have a good working
their clients to their business processes. To do this,relationship but I'm not sure whether I should risk my
they engaged the services of InfoQuest Customerown personal reputation by recommending you to a
Relationship Management Limitedfriend".
InfoQuest uses a unique methodology, which isThe results of TRL's survey were compared with
neither paper, web nor interview-based. Instead itInfoQuest's database of world-class benchmarks and
relies on a game-like box and a deck of cards.then delivered to TRL's executive team, headed by
Between 40 and 60 questions and statementsChief Executive Dr Susan Sharland.
appear on the cards, chosen from an extensiveAnother exporter of excellence, Airedale International
library, which are replaced into particular segmentsAir Conditioning Ltd., with offices in the UK, Germany,
within the box depending on how the customerFrance, North America and South Africa, was keen to
wishes to respond. This game-like procedure, whichfind out what its international customers really
has been applied in more than 50,000 surveys, worksthought about their business processes. Established in
in any language in any part of the world.1974, Airedale is still run by the two founders, and
TRL, whose customers include the World Bank,has won both the Queen's Award for Export
chose to ask questions about their businessAchievement and the CBI Award for Manufacturing
processes; management interactions; the quality ofExcellence.
their research; their bidding and tendering processes;Airedale manufactures a wide range of air
communication; and flexibility. InfoQuest's specialconditioning products. It also provides service,
boxes were packed with the question cards and thenmaintenance and training to its customers. The
sent out to key customers as far away as Thecompany exports to more than seventy countries
Philippines and Tanzania.and regularly supplies air conditioning systems to
Within a few weeks 83% of the boxes had beensome of the world's most prestigious high-technology
returned. The high response rate that InfoQuestmanufacturers. A recent project involved the
normally achieves means that those who use thisinstallation of air conditioning systems at the VESTAS
research method can confidently target whom theywind turbine factory in Denmark, where Airedale
want to survey.equipment now maintains comfortable conditions in
In a business to consumer (b2c) environment mostthe areas that produce and assemble the massive
organisations have plenty of customers to chooseturbine blades.
from if they want to conduct a survey. I haveAs part of a continuing strategy for growth through
maintained for many years that the best way ofexcellence, Airedale needed to determine the opinions
listening to the (b2c) customer is for the Chiefof its international customers in countries as diverse
Executive and their team to regularly spend time atas China, Hong Kong, Latvia, Bulgaria, Poland and
the point of sale and do literally that. Listen to theRussia. One very important consideration was the
customer.language to be used in the survey.
However, in a business to business (b2b)Traditionally most communications between Airedale
environment many firms have far fewer customersand its customers have been in English, but the
and the relationship is not built on a point of saleetiquette and public relations aspects of this
contact - more likely it will be a complex matrix, withcustomer satisfaction survey demanded that, on this
a number of people on each side of the customeroccasion, local languages should be used.
supplier divide having an input to the smooth runningUsing local languages might not be as straightforward
(or not) nature of an ongoing relationship.as it first appears, as the following example clearly
Traditional methods for collecting survey data fall intoillustrates. If an English-speaking supplier corresponded
two camps: - paper-based and interview-led surveys.with a Malaysian customer in the Malay language, it
Paper-based surveys typically have a response ratecould cause offence; the customer may well think
of between 5% and 15%, which means that thethat the supplier believes him incapable of fully
vast majority of the people who are asked theircomprehending an English survey.
opinion don't join in.InfoQuest issued the Airedale's customers with
There are two types of interview-led surveys: -special boxes in the appropriate local language, used
face-to-face or using the telephone. Employing annative language speakers to validate the surveys and
agency to undertake face-to-face surveys in a b2btranslate the written responses to 'open' questions
context is a very expensive undertaking, in that theback into English. Again the world-class benchmarks
agency will be doing exceedingly well if it can arrangewere used as comparators to help Airedale to not
to see more than one decision-maker at differentonly maintain, but also improve, its high standard of
customer locations in one single day. Telephone-basedexcellence. In this instance 75% of the surveys were
surveys have two serious inherent problems. Thereturned.
first is that the interview can be led, albeitCustomer satisfaction surveys are playing an
unwittingly, by the interviewer's tone of voice andever-increasing role in quality-based companies. The
flirtatiousness (or gravitas). The second problem isrevised international standard ISO 9000 version 2000
that the integrity of the responses tends to dropnow promotes this practice, and the EFQM (the
dramatically after the fourth or fifth question. ThisEuropean Federation of Quality Management)'s
means that a sound telephone-based survey shouldExcellence Model, which is separated into nine
ask no more than five questions and the mostbusiness process, promotes Customer Results as the
important question should be asked first.most important single element, giving it a rating of
TRL's questions were chosen carefully to reflect20%.
what the business was trying to achieve and toAs a final thought, Alan Duttine, Joint Managing
ensure that the results were actionable. Too manyDirector of Airedale, states, "At the end of the day,
surveys fail because of poorly designed questions. Inthe report itself is not important. What is important is
a b2b environment the management team are oftenthat, as a company, we do something about it." It is
passionate about the product. Normally this is no badthis sort of driving force that makes the difference
thing. But as most b2b companies now have somebetween a good company and an excellent one.
form of quality assurance programme and are not