The Evolving Four P's of Marketing

I'm sure you remember sitting in your marketing classAbsolutely. Since we are on the subject of
in college when your instructor blurted somethingacronyms, introducing the Six C's of marketing. These
about the Four P's of Marketing. If you weren'tconcepts are not meant to replace the four P's, but
paying attention or perhaps missed class that day,rather compliment them. They provide a more
here is a quick review. It's really a simple conceptgranular look at the overall marketing strategy while
that is still employed by many of the fortune 500taking into consideration the following: customer,
companies today.consistency, creativity, culture, communication and
A Quick Review of the Four P'schange.
Marketing strategies generally fall into four categoriesCustomer - this means that an organization's
known as the four P's: they are product, price, placemarketing strategy needs to be customer focused.
(or distribution), and promotion. Most marketingIt's about intimately understanding the target market
managers (sometimes referred to as productnot as demographics, but as real, everyday people.
marketing managers) have complete control of theIt's about focusing on the target customer first and
product from manufacturing and distribution tothen working backwards to the product and or
marketing and promotions. The end goal, of course, isservice; and then ultimately the brand. It's a never
to make strategic decisions that center the four P'sending cyclical process.
around the target consumer group in order toConsistency - how many times have you heard
communicate an effective value proposition andmixed messages from the same company's
create a positive customer experience.advertising? Marketers need to maintain consistency
The term "product" refers to the tangible, physicalin their communication messages to reinforce the
product itself. This includes the design of the formvalue proposition to the target consumer. This will
factor, the brand name, the features andalso serve to reinforce the brand in a real life context
functionality, quality, safety, packaging, the warranty,and avoid doing something lame like changing the Nike
etc.tag line from "just do it" to something different.
When considering "price", marketers must take aCreativity - it is important to use creativity to attract
holistic view of the total cost to manufacture thethe attention of the target consumer since they are
product, distribution costs and advertising costs; asbombarded with thousands of messages per day.
well facilitating a competitive analysis and perhaps aCreativity means laying aside the "traditional" rules of
focus group to find the target price that consumersadvertising, and challenges marketers to think
are willing to pay. Other considerations include definingout-of-box so that they can tap into their
a pricing strategy, suggesting a retail price, volumeimaginations.
discounts and wholesale pricing, seasonal pricing, andCulture - all marketing messages need to have a
bundling the product with other products.cross-cultural component in order to be effective. It
The distribution of the product (or place) is aboutis dangerous to think that everyone in the world
getting the product from the warehouse to the(including your target consumer) thinks, acts and
customer and all the steps between. Marketers mustmakes purchase decisions exactly like you. It's not
consider the most effective distribution channels,true and having this perspective can prove to be
develop a supply chain management strategy,hazardous to your marketing health.
identify specific channel partners, inventoryCommunication - people don't appreciate "in your
management, warehousing, order processing, andface" advertising. They don't want to be "marketed
transportation.to" either. They would much rather be
The last thing marketers must consider is promotion."communicated with". Effective communication
Promotion represents the various characteristics ofcreates value with target customers, speaks in their
an integrated marketing communication plan; that is,language and tells your story.
the communication messages that inform, educateChange - don't fight it, embrace it. Change is here to
and persuade consumers to buy the product. Anstay! Marketers must constantly change as society
effective integrated marketing communication planchanges. They should never be afraid to step out in
would include: advertising (online & offline),faith to try something different. Marketing today is
personal selling, direct marketing, sales promotions,not what it used to be; it is constantly evolving and
public relations; as well as establishing a marketingmarketers must consider change in the world,
budget and identifying measurable goals.economy, market, consumers perceptions; as well as
Is there anything else to think about?internal change within the organization.